Levy, Neil; Ariyan, S.; Glenn, W. W.; Seashore, J. H. (2014-01-01). "The Value of Consciousness". Journal of Consciousness Studies: Controversies in Science & the Humanities. 21 (1–2): 127–138. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198506000-00022. ISSN 1355-8250. PMC 4001209. PMID 24791144. While in the room, Mary has acquired all the physical facts there are about color sensations, including the sensation of seeing red. Mizoguchi, Y., Yao, H., Imamura, Y., Hashimoto, M., & Monji, A. (2019). Lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are associated with age-related memory impairment in community-dwelling older adults: the Sefuri study. Scientific Reports, 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7536184/ Arguably, the idea of hedonistic utilitarianism, where the ethical value of things is determined from the amount of subjective pleasure or pain they cause, is dependent on the existence of qualia. [11] [12] [ improper synthesis?] Arguments regarding the existence of qualia [ edit ]

Ismail, N., Kureishy, N., Church, S. J., Scholefield, M., Unwin, R. D., Xu, J., Patassini, S., & Cooper, G. J. (2020). Vitamin B5 (d-pantothenic acid) localizes in myelinated structures of the rat brain: Potential role for cerebral vitamin B5 stores in local myelin homeostasis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 522(1), 220-225. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X19321722Ramachandran, V.; Hirstein, W. (March 1997). "What Does Implicit Cognition Tell Us About Consciousness?". Consciousness and Cognition. 6 (1): 148. doi: 10.1006/ccog.1997.0296. ISSN 1053-8100. S2CID 54335111.

Lee, G., Lee, Y., Shin, H., Kang, K., Park, M., Kim, K., Kwon, O., & Lee, J. (2015). Seizures related to vitamin B6 deficiency in adults. Journal of Epilepsy Research, 5(1), 23-24. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4494992/ intrinsic– they are non-relational properties, which do not change depending on the experience's relation to other things. Choline is an essential nutrient, so the USDA requires supplement manufacturers to label how much choline is in every serving. According to Qualia Mind’s supplement facts label, there are 110mg of choline in every serving, explicitly from alpha-GPC and citicoline. That’s 20% of your required daily intake, which is nothing to sneeze at, but one large egg contains between 140mg and 160mg of choline. 41 When it comes to choline intake, you won’t get much more out of Qualia Mind than a healthy meal. Huperzine A If there are non-physical facts about color sensations, then color sensations are non-physical events.There are recognizable qualitative characters of the given, which may be repeated in different experiences, and are thus a sort of universals; I call these "qualia." But although such qualia are universals, in the sense of being recognized from one to another experience, they must be distinguished from the properties of objects. Confusion of these two is characteristic of many historical conceptions, as well as of current essence-theories. The quale is directly intuited, given, and is not the subject of any possible error because it is purely subjective. [5] :121 This nootropic is more transparent about its formula than others. Only some nootropic manufacturers are willing to share their full ingredient list or dosage instead of hiding behind proprietary blends (which group ingredients under a shared dose). Even fewer have thought through the problem of the blood-brain barrier, ensuring that everything you take gets where it needs to go. 4 directly or immediately apprehensible by consciousness– to experience a quale is to know one experiences a quale, and to know all there is to know about that quale.

Llinás argues that qualia are ancient and necessary for an organism's survival and a product of neuronal oscillation. He gives the evidence of anesthesia of the brain and subsequent stimulation of limbs to demonstrate that qualia can be "turned off" by changing only the variable of neuronal oscillation (local brain electrical activity), while all other connections remain intact. He argues for an oscillatory-electrical origin of qualia, or important aspects thereof. [39] :202–207 Vilayanur Ramachandran [ edit ] Vilayanur S. Ramachandran Nootropics are almost always underdosed if you look at ingredients lists entry by entry — Mind Lab Pro, for example, only has effective levels in three of 11 ingredients, and Focus Factor offers little more than a multivitamin — but most manufacturers will contend it’s because the ingredients work together more effectively than on their own. Miranda, M., Morici, J. F., Zanoni, M. B., & Bekinschtein, P. (2019). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: A key molecule for memory in the healthy and the pathological brain. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2019.00363/fullRamachandran, V.S.; Hirstein, W. (1 May 1997). "Three Laws of Qualia: What Neurology Tells Us About the Biological Functions of Consciousness, Qualia and the Self" (PDF). Journal of Consciousness Studies. Imprint Academic. 4 (5–6): 429–58. Archived from the original on 6 August 2003. Biological perspective. Ungerleider, L. G. (1995-11-03). "Functional brain imaging studies of cortical mechanisms for memory". Science. 270 (5237): 769–775. Bibcode: 1995Sci...270..769U. doi: 10.1126/science.270.5237.769. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 7481764. S2CID 37665998. If you’re interested in Qualia Mind but aren’t quite sure if it’ll be the right fit, or if you’ve tried Qualia Mind before and know it’s not, it’s worth exploring your other options. We compare many nootropics in more detail in our guide to the best nootropics, but we’ll make some general comparisons below. Generalized formulas Pase, M. P., Kean, J., Sarris, J., Neale, C., Scholey, A. B., & Stough, C. (2012). The cognitive-enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: A systematic review of randomized, controlled human clinical trials. The Journal of Alternative and Complimentary Medicine, 18(7), 647-652. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/acm.2011.0367 a b c d e Dennett, Daniel C. (1988). "Quining qualia". In Marcel, A.; Bisiach, E. (eds.). Consciousness in Modern Science. Oxford University Press. pp.42–77.